Bio de Richard sorge le vraie faux nazi (KGB)

Richard [Zorge] was born on October 4, 1898 in Baku. The family of Richard [Zorge], son of German, and Russian mothers, moves in a constant place of residence into Germany in 1898. and it settles in the suburb of Berlin.

During the years of the I World War it served in the armed forces of Germany. After demobilization [Zorge] entered into the Hamburg university the department of political science. Where it successfully protected doctoral dissertation. In 1919 Richard [Zorge] was introduced to the German Communists and entered the communist party of Germany in the same year. With it was brought to war against France, and then against Russia. At the eastern front Richard obtains three injuries, the latter from which in 1918. it makes with its lame for life - one foot becomes shorter to 2,5 cm. in the hospital of young [Zorge] it becomes acquainted with the works of Marx, and this determines entire its further fate - it becomes the convinced supporter of Communist motion. In the course of active party activity it proved to be in the USSR in 1924, where it was recruited by Soviet external reconnaissance. Approximately in five years along the line of comintern [Zorge] was directed to China, where into its task entered the organization of operational reconnaissance activity and the creation of the network of informants.

In the first half 1930- X yr. under the pseudonym Ramsay worked in Shanghai (China). In the years of work in China under the guise German journalist and “true Aryan”, [Zorge] recommended well itself in the Nazi circles and in 1933 it entered the Nazi party. The code [Zorge] he became prominent party functionary, comintern directed it into Fascist Japan, where it worked as the assistant of German ambassador, General [Yugen] Otto.

With the intrusion of the Japanese troops in 1931. the ratio of forces on the Asian continent radically changed in Manchuria. Japan made a serious claim for status of Asian super-power. Therefore the interests of Soviet intelligence officers are thrown to the Country of the Rising Sun. The head of [razvedupravleniya] [YA].[K]. Of [berzin] takes aside To [zorge] from China and in 1933. gives to it new task - to establish, there is whether the possibility in principle of organizing Soviet [rezidentury] in Japan. Thus far not for one Soviet intelligence officer been fastened here could not be.

First [Zorge] rejects, since it considers that with its European appearance he will not succeed in slipping off from the looks of the suspicious Japanese. However, [Berzin] declares, that [Zorge] as no one another is suitable for the fulfillment of this [riskovanneyshego] target, which is required to only convert its deficiency into the merit and on no account to hide from it, that he is German. Moreover the profession of journalist allows for it, without causing special suspicion, to manifest interest in the fact that is closed for others. Furthermore, [Zorge] - doctor of social and political sciences, and not one of the secret colleagues of Soviet reconnaissance can be compared with it in the thorough knowledge of economic problems. Now [Zorge] is required to return to Germany and to establish business relations with the editorial staffs of those newspapers, which it is intended to present in Tokyo.

After returning from China to Germany. it fixed the connections with military intelligence and the Gestapo, it entered in [NSDAP]. He worked as journalist, it was and then directed in Tokyo as the correspondent of several newspapers. He became the chief German journalist in Japan, frequently it was published in the Nazi press. On the eve of the war it knew how to engage the post of the press- attache of German embassy in Tokyo. Thoroughly formed, with the excellent manners and the knowledge of many foreign languages, [Zorge] brought wide connections German circles, into [t].[ch]. there was [vkhozh] into the highest circles of Nazi embassy. It created in Japan the branched reconnaissance Communist organization.

[Zorge] very soon conquered the authority of high(ly)-class journalist- analyst, not without reason his articles print the most solid publications of Germany, in particular largest “[Frankfurter] of Zeitung”. Gradually [Zorge] begins to create net of agents. Into its group enter the radio operator of Bruno Wendt (pseudonym Bernhard), member [KPG], which finished in Moscow the courses of radio operators; the citizen of Yugoslavia, the correspondent of the French journal “[Vi]” Branco [Vukelich], recruited by Soviet reconnaissance in Paris, and artist- Japanese To [iotoku] Of [miyagi], long time lived the USA, that entered there the Communist Party and returned to Japan on the insistence of Russian agents. Later [Zorge] connects to the work of Japanese journalist By [khodzumi] Of [odzaki], which became one of the most important information sources for Ramsay. Another valuable source is German military attache Eugen Ott recently assigned in Tokyo, with whom [Zorge] succeeds in tying friendly relations. In order to conquer the confidence of Ott, [Zorge], which is wonderfully examined the prevailing in the Far East situation, it supplies with its information about the armed forces and the defense industry of Japan. As a result the reports of Ott acquire unusual to them earlier analytical depth and is produced a good impression on the Berlin authorities. [Zorge] he becomes welcome guest in Ott's house, who in the literal sense became “finding for the spy” because of his special feature to discuss with the friends of the matter of official nature. However, [Zorge] was grateful listener and competent adviser.

In 1935. [Zorge] on the call of authorities by the round about way through New York reaches Moscow and obtains new chief [Chetverty] the administration Of [uritskogo] sequential task - to explain am capable Japan on its material and human resources misfortune in the USSR. It was at the same time decided to replace radio operator. By new radio operator [Zorge] became max Of [klauzen], the familiar of Richard even on Shanghai.

It is remarkable, that the cipher, utilized [Klauzenom], succeeds in deciphering neither for Japanese nor western decoders. As the key [Zorge] with the witticism characteristic of it decided to use the statistical yearbooks of Reich, which make it possible to vary cipher to infinity. Furthermore, information by the secret channels is transferred to the center on the microfilms. Especially important photographs, for example military targets or the models of armament, with the aid of the special equipment decreased to the dimensions of point, which by special composition stuck at the end the lines of the letter of the most usual content.

Operation “millet” bypassed the Soviet reconnaissance in all into 40 thousand dollars, sums very insignificant for the group [Zorge], which consists of 25 people, which acts in this expensive city as Tokyo. They all lived predominantly to the incomes from their legal activity. This relates, first of all, to [Klauzenu] and [Miyagi], whose engravings enjoyed a constant demand. [Vukelich] earned not only as photographer, but also as the Tokyo representative of the French telegraphic agency Of [gavas]. This opened before it the doors of many closed establishments.

In February 1936. political situation in Japan sharply aggravated as a result unsuccessful military coup, arranged by the group of officers for the purpose of the displacement of Admiral [Okady]'s government. [Zorge], attempting along its channels to explain background and consequences of this unsuccessful plot, comes to the conclusion that the fact of the armed appearance of Japan against the USSR will depend on that, which of the groups will arrive at the authority. This analytical material Soviet resident directs not only into Moscow, but also Berlin by the efforts of Ott, already accustomed to the aid [Zorge]. As one would expect, report [Zorge] obtains in the office of Reich appreciation. As a result Eugen Ott is assigned as the ambassador of Japan.

Situation in Tokyo itself with every day is aggravated. The sequential wave of spy mania whips the country. Government carries out “days” and even “weeks” of fight with the espionage, from the pages of newspapers, the screens of cinemas and on the radio sound the calls to strengthen vigilance, and the shop windows of stores decorate the images of the enemy agents, which, it goes without saying, are not similar to the Japanese. To people For [zorge] it is necessary to behave extremely carefully. It does not manage also without the oddity, which, true, could lead to failure of entire secret service agency. This time blundered [Zorge] itself: after party in the hotel “the imperial” - the favorite point of rendezvous of all foreigners in Tokyo - [Zorge], being in plenty [podpitii], sits down itself into its motorcycle “of [tsundap]” and like the wind rushes to itself to the apartment. For it the control does not succeed in holding on the turning, and it [vrezaetsya] into the wall directly near the booth of policeman at the entrance into the American embassy. As a result emergency in To [zorge] strong brain concussion is broken jaw. To its happiness the bows rapidly reach into the hospital SV. Overcoming the intolerable pain, it repeats: “Call [Klauzena]: ” One thought about that which someone can glance into its pocket and reveal several leaves used up in English, forces it to retain the remainders of consciousness. Only after the arrival Of [klauzena], when For [zorge] it was possible to whisper to it to the ear several words, it falls in the oblivion and they take away it into the operating room.

In the middle June 1938. event occurs, hardly not led to failure of the entire system of Soviet reconnaissance. During that day the border of Manchuria passes the chief for management the NKVD for the Far East the commissioner of the state security of the 3rd rank Heinrich [Lyushkov]. On the will of the case at this time boundary will intend to cross the correspondent “[Angrifa]” - one of the most known Nazi newspapers - [Ivar] Of [lissner]. Japanese frontier-guards request it to transfer the indications Of [lyushkova]. In the course of examination it is explained, which [Lyushkov] escapes itself from the new wave of Stalin cleanings, victims of which already became [Berezin] and [Uritskiy]. From Tokyo after it they send aircraft and they place into one of the thoroughly guarded buildings of the War Ministry. It reports such valuable information that new German military attache Lieutenant Colonel [Sholl], whom the Japanese General Staff is regularly supplied with the entire necessary information, even proposes [Kanarisu] to send in Tokyo one of its colleagues. Of course [Zorge] learns about this one of the first, moreover from [Sholla] itself, which entrusts [Zorge] just as its predecessor.

For Germans and Japanese of the indication Of [lyushkova] they do not have price. Its information about the parts of the Far-Eastern army is characterized by accuracy and competence. In the hope of deserving the confidence of new masters he tells everything which knows. Still never Japan and Germany could not be just as closely approached holy of holies for Soviet reconnaissance. Through Lieutenant Colonel [Sholla] [Zorge] succeeds in obtaining and making a copy the [stostranichnyy] memorandum, comprised on the basis of the statements of General [Lyushkov]. Messenger To [zorge] sends microfilms to Moscow. This allowed Soviet command during the [schtannye] days to replace all code tables, on which was achieved the [shifrovannaya] connection, and to thus prevent the possibility of the leakage of secret information.

In the middle 1938 g. [Zorge] succeeds in being selected, also, to the new to the head of the Japanese government to prince [Konoe]. Its secretary becomes [Odzaki] Of [usiba], the former classmate of prince and: the best agent To [zorge]. One-and-a-half years, up to the withdrawal of prince into the resignation, [Odzaki] will inform Moscow about everything, which is done and thinks by Japanese politicians and servicemen. Later than [Odzaki] will engage the post of the chief of research department in the administration of Southern- Manchurian railroad. From it will come the information not only about the movement of the parts of the Kwantung army, but also about the prepared diversions and dispatching of agents.

In September 1939. the troops of Hitler invade Poland. All diplomatic services of Reich stimulate their work. Ott proposes to his friend [Zorge] to become the colleague of embassy. However, journalist the witty manner characteristic of it rejects so flattering a proposal and only is expressed readiness and it is further in the particular order to fulfill the responsibilities of secretary ambassador Ott and to supply the colleagues of embassy with the entire obtained information. Specifically, so it is spoken in that signed by them and by Ott agreement. In addition to this, [Zorge] agrees to publish the daily bulletin, intended for the two-thousandth German colony in Tokyo. New responsibility although is burdensome, gives access to the freshest radiograms from Berlin.

In May 1941 [Zorge] learns about the plans of the attack of Germany in the Soviet Union. It reports to Moscow even the precise date of the intrusion: On June 22. As is known, for Stalin this was altogether only the communication of sequential “panic-monger”. It did not believe [Zorge].

After obtaining valuable reconnaissance information. To [zorge] one of the first reported into Moscow the data about the composition of the Nazi forces of intrusion, the date of attack on the USSR, the overall diagram of the military plan of Wehrmacht. However, these data were so detailed and, furthermore, they did not coincide with Stalin's confidence [I].[V]. in the fact that [A]. Hitler will not attack in the USSR, that to them they did not give value, after calculating even, that To [zorge] dual agent.

Between Moscow and To [zorge] begin to spoil the relations. The Kremlin does not arrange too independent a manner of the behavior of resident, his independent way of life and often neglect of the first-rate rules of conspiracy. Thus, it practically never checks its agents, and in spite of the persistent warnings of center, he forgets to destroy secret materials. [Zorge] even does not note that [Klauzen] stores in itself the copies of all radiograms and, furthermore, in detail is described in its diary the activity of their group. Excessive predilection [Zorge] to the women and numerous novels, including with the wife of Ott, cannot but prick up ears State Security Agent management in Moscow. Later in the police protocols found numerous records about the tricks [Zorge] in the intoxicated state. After getting drunk, it usually sits down itself on the motorcycle and it [mchitsya] where eye they look with breakneck speed. And the most surprising, that it even in the company of the high-ranking officers of German embassy never hid its sympathies to Stalin and Soviet Union. All this thus far descended from the hands to [vezuchemu] To [zorge]. Mr. [Sluchay] thus far did not interfere.

In October 1941. the agents of Japanese reconnaissance on the suspicion of membership in the Communist Party arrested one of the subordinates Of [odzaki]. On the examination it among other familiar of chief named the artist Of [miyagi], search in whom made it possible to reveal a whole series of its compromising materials. The arrest of very By [khodzumi] [Odzaki] did not force itself to wait.

The arrests of the entire group further followed: first [Klauzena] and [Vukelicha], then [Zorge] itself. This occurred on October 17, 1941.

Richard [Zorge]'s arrest causes commotion in the German embassy. Ott, understanding, that the friendship with the person, who proved to be himself the agent of enemy reconnaissance, completely compromises him, it makes all efforts in order to suppress this history. It attempts to convince Berlin that [Zorge] it became the victim of the intrigues of the Japanese police. It is however strange, this for it almost succeeds, in spite of revealing [Zorge] indications of the members of its group. And only when in the matter interferes the resident of [abvera] in the Far East Of [ivar] Of [lissner], consequence on business To [zorge] obtains the single-valued estimation: To [zorge] - agent of Moscow.

For Ott it is necessary to retire and to write off diplomatic career.

The law court above the members of Ramsay's group took place in May 1943. By that time There was [miyagi] no longer in the living. [Vukelicha] understood the same lot one-and-a-half years after law court, which sentenced its to the life imprisonment. [Klauzen], which more dedicated the Japanese to the activity of the group of Ramsay and sentenced to the life imprisonment, will be freed by Americans in 1945.

[Odzaki] and [Zorge] executed on November 7, 1944. Its last words they were “yes it is in good health the Red Army! Yes is in good health the Soviet Union!”

IN the USSR about [Zorge] they learned only in 1964. after the posthumous awarding to it of the Title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In its honor are named the streets, ships and schools. IN the USSR and GDR were released the stamps with its image. This was the first official acknowledgement of the Kremlin in the fact that it came running to the espionage. However, as far as role [Zorge] in the movement by Stalin of troops from the Far East to the defense of Moscow, about which, until now, military historians argue, is concerned, it was by no means decisive. Appraisal of the situation in the world allowed Stalin already in June 1941. to make the conclusion that the war between the USA and Japan is inevitable, but the military potential of Japanese army will not allow it news war to two fronts.

st.ex. a écrit:c'est une des raisons que je ne publie plus rien dans ce forum!!